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The Cultivation of Dharma and Land Stewardship

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Weaving together the karmic consciousness of our lives and the land we inhabit.
02/28/2021, Jokai Carolyn Cavanagh, dharma talk at Green Gulch Farm.

AI Summary: 

The talk discusses the stewardship history of Green Gulch Farm, emphasizing the interconnectedness of land, community, and practice. It examines the continuous environmental efforts in the area from the management by Kos Miwok, through the influence of George Wheelwright and the integration with the San Francisco Zen Center, to current sustainable practices. The discourse also explores the metaphorical relationship between the landscape and karmic consciousness and the ongoing adaptation of sustainable practices at Green Gulch Farm.

Referenced Works and People:

  • "Something of the Marvelous" by Huey D. Johnson: This memoir highlights Johnson's environmentalist efforts, reflecting on his campaigns to preserve natural spaces and support sustainable resource management.

  • Aldo Leopold's Writings: Johnson was inspired by Leopold, known for emphasizing an ecological view that includes humans as part of the natural community.

  • Dogen's Mountains and Water Sutra: Discussed as an essential text illustrating the concept of continuous practice and the dynamic nature of existence.

  • Kos Miwok: Indigenous people who originally inhabited and stewarded the land, representing a historical connection to sustainable living.

  • George Wheelwright: Former owner of Green Gulch, who initially transformed the land for cattle ranching, inadvertently paving the way for future Zen Center stewardship.

  • San Francisco Zen Center and Green Gulch Farm: Current stewards focusing on sustainable practices, emphasizing the importance of adapting to environmental changes.

  • Huey Johnson: His vision and efforts in land conservation and creating accessible public parks are pivotal in the ongoing preservation of natural habitats.

The talk ties these historical and philosophical elements together to encourage reflection on environmental stewardship and the fluidity of nature and consciousness.

AI Suggested Title: Harmony of Land and Legacy

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Transcript: 

We will now begin today's Dharma Talk offered by Carolyn Cavanaugh. Please chant the opening verse with me, which should appear on your screen now. To remember and accept, I vow to taste the truth of the Tathagata's words. Good morning, everyone. I'm currently at my house at the end of Spring Valley. And this is the first time I've given a talk from this room.

[12:24]

So thank you for your patience. I hope you're all well and able to get access to a vaccine sometime soon. It's as if we've jumped into the future with this long awaited possibility of protection from COVID becoming a reality. We're on the cusp of something tangible after a year of isolation, struggle, and social and political upheaval. I wanted to talk today about the history of these coastal mountains and its many dharma and land stewards over time to offer a sense of place, of history, of the hearts and minds which led to the present-day Green Gulch. Hundreds of years ago, this valley was covered by willows, alders, oak, and in the deeper canyons, hopefully some redwood. Some of the original inhabitants of this land were the Kos Miwok, a hunting and gathering culture which lived lightly on the land and shore, harvesting salmon and other sea life.

[13:35]

The Miwok were some of the first known stewards of this watershed. Their obsidian blades and arrowheads are still occasionally found in the fields today. After the Spanish arrived in the 1700s, the Coast Miwok population struggled to survive. Their lives were deeply affected by European introduced diseases and Franciscan mission culture. The story of these native people is a very difficult one. What we know of them as individuals is now is gleaned from some of their names in Franciscan mission baptism records. In the 1830s, Portuguese cattle ranchers began settling here and buying property. They eventually formed several conjoined dairy ranches in the Redwood Creek watershed. In the late 1940s, after World War II, George Wheelwright, a physicist and inventor of a Polaroid, purchased the land we now call Green Gulch.

[14:45]

and began to alter the landscape to accommodate his vision of cattle ranching. Wheelwright straightened and channelized the previously natural meandering creek and built a system of reservoirs to sustain the needs of his cattle. These systems helped control the natural ebb and flow of storms and flooding in the valley. Unfortunately, the engineered concrete creek bed inhibited native species such as cohead salmon and steelhead. In the late 1960s, after Wheelwright's wife, Hope, passed away, he began looking for new guardians to care for the land. He was a progressive and altruistic man and donated generously to the Nature Conservancy. With the help of Huey Johnson, who was then the Western Regional Director of the Nature Conservancy, the San Francisco Zen Center became the next in line of land stewards of this property, which we named Green Gulch Farm, or Green Dragon Temple.

[15:57]

When the property transferred to the San Francisco Zen Center in 1972, the deed required us to farm the land and to allow passage on the trails, which wind down from the ridge. through Green Gulch to the Muir Beach. The original buildings at Green Gulch, including the barn and family house, have been renovated into the Zendo, student housing, kitchen, dining room, office, abbot's quarters, etc. The old dilapidated water cisterns, wheelwright created and needed for cattle ranching, can still be found along the hillside springs of the highly fractured Franciscan formation, which these coastal hills are made of. We continue to use several aging reservoirs built by the Wheelwrights to irrigate Green Gulch's organic farm and garden. Our drinking water comes from both a spring in the north end of the valley by the guest parking lot, if you're familiar with the land, and from a slow, very slow pumping wells in the fields.

[17:09]

by the packing shed. We're completely dependent on the land for our water needs. During these times of sustained drought, we're rethinking our planting strategy and irrigation infrastructure to adapt to our increasingly warm and dry coastal conditions. We're in the same boat as communities like Stinson, Bellinas, Invernus, Point Reyes, with these super dry conditions that we're not able to perhaps have adequate enough water to farm. We have tried to live lightly on the land and to conserve its resources, but we can always do better. In the last decade, we've built sustainable energy efficient housing and completed restoration on the lower section of Green Gulch Creek, which flows into Redwood Creek and then finally drains into the Muir Beach estuary and the ocean. both the Redwood and Green Gulch Creek watershed provides critical habitat for coho salmon swanning.

[18:18]

This area also provides year-round rearing habitat for juvenile species, birds, amphibians, the red-legged frog, invertebrates, and many, many native plants. Huey Johnson has long been revered as a giant of environmentalism. His clear vision and integrity has helped save irreplaceable open spaces from development, protecting wildlife and their habitat from degradation, and keeping natural resources sustainable for future generations. We take these parklands around us for granted, but they were created by Huey Johnson through great and persistent effort He helped acquire the Marin Headlands and other significant parcels along the California coast. These acquisitions became this huge Golden Gate recreation area, as well as Point Reyes seashore. We're so fortunate to be surrounded by these extremely biodiverse lands.

[19:23]

Huey Johnson helped transform California from exploitive to a sustainable resource manager. He finished a memoir just weeks before his death in 2020. It's called, Something of the Marvelous, Lessons Learned from Nature and My 60 Years as an Environmentalist. It's a wonderful and uplifting read. This one person has had such a huge impact on the preservation of public land. He was initially inspired by the reading, the writings of Aldo Leopold, who died in 1948, who urged us to think like a mountain, to move beyond our human-centric point of view and see the natural world as a community to which we belong. The mountains and waters of the immediate present always surround us.

[20:26]

In this valley, we rely on the natural resources. From the spring, where we get our drinking water, to the reservoirs which enable us to irrigate our fields. We're completely dependent on the delicate balance of these natural resources. We can't and don't take them for granted. These coastal mountains offer us incredible gifts, and we do our best to be worthy stewards of this land. We do this through wholehearted and continuous practice. There is a fluidity in mountains just as in water, as well as our hearts and minds. We normally think of mountains as durable, solid, reliable until they aren't. The California coastline has a complex geological history. It's predominantly made up of the Franciscan formation, a millage of shales and conglomerates, serpentine,

[21:31]

which were formed at the north american and pacific plate boundary these coastal mountains aren't stagnant they are constantly moving as we often feel just that earthquake last month and they are constantly walking these mountains in buddhism mountains often symbolize karmic consciousness and water enlightenment these coastal mountains came from various terrains just like each of us. Our bodies and minds, our karmic consciousness, are constantly being shaped by our thoughts, our words, our actions and intentions and views through every experience we have. Think of these coastal mountains, the Franciscan range, as our karmic consciousness. It's difficult to track how we got to this point. We may have a story of our crucial life events.

[22:34]

We might learn something by writing an autobiography, but it's just one view of a constantly shifting narrative of our lives. Each of us has our own karmic consciousness, as well as an infinite wider group karmic consciousness. Our hearts and minds are malleable, inconceivably evolving in each moment. We become clearer and more grounded as our practice matures. Appropriate responses arise more easily, with more grace. We have all felt and appreciated the maturation of practice in some way. Our responses evolve into Avalokiteshvara's thousand arms of compassion, or Manjushri's sword cutting through delusion with wisdom. This is the wind and water eroding our fixed views and the ways of perceiving the world.

[23:43]

The coastal fog in the summer and cold in the winter are part of experiencing these mountains, the evolution of each of our karmic consciousness. Dogen, the 13th century founder of the Soto Zen school, wrote the Mountains and Water Sutra in 1240. This sutra tells us a bit about continuous practice and these constantly moving fluid mountains. The mountains and waters of the immediate present are the manifestation of the ancient Buddhas. Abiding in their true Dharma position, they cultivate the qualities of thorough exhaustiveness. Because they are events prior to the eon of emptiness, they are the livelihood of the immediate present.

[24:50]

Because they are the self before the emergence of subtle signs They are the penetrating liberation of immediate activity. The virtue of riding the clouds is realized in these mountains and the subtle work of following the wind comes forth from these mountains. There is always flowing in these mountains, these streams and in our mind. Even if we are sitting for hours each day in the zendo, we're not stagnant. We are meeting whatever shows up in the present moment. There is walking, there is flowing, and there is a moment when a mountain gives birth to a mountain child.

[25:53]

Buddha ancestors appear in this way. They are not separate from us. I wanted to say a few more things about Huey Johnson. He recently wrote this book that I spoke of and it was an amazing experience reading it and knowing his altruistic and deep love and reverence for public land. He created this idea for parks in cities that every resident of a town should be 10 minutes from a public park. And I don't know how many cities that involved, but I felt like, yeah, I would like that if I live a minute from a park.

[26:59]

But to live 10 minutes from a park, if you live in the city, That is, that would be incredible. He helped when the area across from 360 Page Street burned down, the Victorian burned down, and he created the support to put a park in its place instead of rebuilding, Kochlin Park. And his way of working, except for one occasion, was not to spend the money himself from his organization. It was to be the middle person He would find a person who wanted to have their land become public or he convinced them that that would be a good idea. And then he found donors who, mostly through tax breaks, were encouraged to buy the land for a third party, usually a city or city. In our case, Green Gulch Farm or.

[28:02]

Yeah, all over California. He also created the Grand Canyon Trust and was responsible for. The creation of that park at that time is just endlessly interesting projects. And he had a what he looked for at three. attributes he looked for when he was looking for staff in his various positions. A curiosity to learn, a personality that projects confidence, and commitments to a life purpose. And I thought those are excellent qualities for every leader. I feel like this is a short talk. And I feel like I've said what I'd like to. And if you have questions, you can stay around for question and answer.

[29:03]

So thank you very much. May our intention equally extend to every being and place. with the true merit of buddha's way beings are numberless i vow to save them delusions are inexhaustible i vow to end them dharma gates are boundless I vow to enter them. Buddha's way is unsurpassable. I vow to become it. I want to thank everyone for coming today.

[30:09]

Please know that we do rely on your donations now more than ever. If you feel supported by the Dharma offerings of our temples, please consider supporting San Francisco Zen Center. with their donation at this time. Any size is greatly appreciated, and a link will show in the chat window with a couple options of ways to donate. We will also be taking a five-minute break and then returning for Q&A. And if anybody needs to sign off now and would like to say goodbye, please feel free to do so. Thank you, Carolyn. I love the talk. I appreciate the honoring of Green Gulch and Huey. Just as a note to everyone, we'll return at 1040.

[31:39]

Welcome back, everyone. Carolyn, just a note, there was a little bit of feedback about your mic volume might be being a little low. So you might need to just speak a little bit louder. OK, help us. I think it sounds good for me. If anybody's noticing, I'm just going to go to gallery view really quick. And if you have a volume concern, you can raise your hand. No? OK. Well, then we will go ahead and start Q&A. If you can please raise your hand through the raise hand button. It's under the reactions icon on the bottom toolbar of the Zoom window. So if you click that, there's a raise hand button there. You can also send me a chat privately. And I will also check the video feeds if you just want to wave your hand. I'll try to find you. So it looks like we have a question or comment from Patty.

[38:04]

Hi, Patty. You have to turn on your mic. There. Is that good? Yes. I see you in your house. It looks beautiful there. Thank you. Yours looks very simple and mine looks very complicated. That's just one view. Yes. Thank you very much. I love it when you talk about geology. And I have a question. Just wondering if you could repeat the three qualities that he named. I wanted to write them down. Okay. Just a second so that I find that. A curiosity to learn. A personality that projects confidence.

[39:09]

Which I think we all have in certain ways, but not always. Yes. And so that's interesting. That makes me self-examine. And commitment to a life of purpose. Each of those are very important, I think. Would you comment on a personality that projects confidence, please? Oh, personality. I feel like I am one of those when I am working out on the land and meeting people one-on-one. I don't think I project confidence necessarily in a big group. I just have a little bit of stage fright. So that's something I like to work on. And Zoom is the perfect opportunity for that because you're not actually in the room with all of you, 78 people. But something that projects confidence.

[40:13]

Really, it's when you feel comfortable speaking or being with somebody or leading a group. And that's different for all of us in all parts of our life. And some people seem to be able to do it throughout the sphere of their life. Yeah. Thank you. Yeah. Our next question looks like it's from Kate. Kate. Carolyn. So great to hear your voice. So good to see you. Yeah. And that was a lovely talk. I wonder if you could say a little more about what the community is doing to reconsider their use of water and land and how you're going about that. Yeah. I feel like particularly with any kind of watering, our reservoirs are just barely at the...

[41:21]

They haven't even got up to the measuring stick yet where we measured the water. So essentially they're below seven feet, the upper reservoir, which you're familiar with, above the garden. And the other reservoir is equally low. Our Zendo Pond, we just dammed it, but it hasn't filled yet. The farm is planting closer together and doing some, I think, additional companion planting with different things planted in the same row, as I understand it. We might be planting a lot less. So some of the fields will, I don't know what kind of cover crop we can grow in the summer to protect the fields and the soil if we're not actually using them. In the garden area, we will grow very minimal annuals of any sort. We won't be watering the grass. We won't be doing a lot of things. Today, it's quite warm already.

[42:25]

It's the end of February. It's not so unusual. But yeah, it's just the many days of warm weather in a row really contribute to that. And as far as buildings, and mostly it's about water right now. It's about gray water in Sky Hall. It's created as a way to have a gray water system work, which we're trying to turned on, but we haven't used it in a while, so having some problems there. As far as other projects on the land, we have a huge grant that we're applying for, that we applied for, we haven't heard back, to basically take out the Zendel Pond and allow that to be an open stream that goes down to the lower reaches of the meander where we have salmon habitat and salmon spawn have been seen in years past not recently there's not enough water um so that's the big one and we'd have to we haven't done much infrastructure improvement on our reservoirs they're big our big um what is it the upper upper and lower reservoir so we need to strengthen them to hold water as well as we might uh put a lower reservoir

[43:48]

down near the compost yard, basically, to hold water. If we have all that water, we can allow the Zendo pond to go back to a creek to be the, you know, the creek that goes under the basement of the Zendo and then daylights in the Zendo pond at this time and then goes down the creek down to Muir Beach. So that's the ultimate plan. It's kind of looking five years out. And Sarah Tashkir has been doing a lot of the work with Pradesh Key Chatham, our consulting company. And is this a community conversation of how it changes your lives and your practice? Which part? All of it? All of it. I think water conversation. We talk about preserving water. And there's a group of people involved in looking at long-range plans to take the Zendo pond out, which has been something we've been working toward for decades.

[45:06]

And it finally seems possible, and this grant seems to perhaps create the first steps to doing that, to freeing the Zendo pond year-round to create more habitat. Yeah, it's such a responsibility to live on that beautiful piece of land. Yeah, yeah. And in the garden, we're planting more natives and less, you know, already what exists there is a huge amount of beautiful ornamentals. And some natives, but we're planting more natives instead of trying to replant other ornamentals that have reached their end of their life cycle. Yeah. Okay, thank you. Say hi to Paul. I will. He'll say hi to you when we leave. Our next offering is from Ida.

[46:10]

Good morning, friend. Hi, Ida. Hi. I'm really appreciating the... surprise I'm feeling inside of my body to come to the Dharma talk today and notice I had an idea of what would be presented and just how grateful I am that we all bring our own perspectives so that we each can take in the Dharma the way we learn and the way that we've been conditioned and I'm really appreciating hearing the names of our ancestors that created the space that we practice in, the stories of what they have done, random humans, you know, like Huey and random humans like Carolyn and Suki and just how we all are

[47:20]

transmitting the Dharma and we, whether we're Zen ancestors or Homo sapiens, we are, we are the transmitter of Dharma and skillful means and upright action. So it really warms my heart because it's, you know, something I'm passionate about to being with the land and noticing and how, how that helps me. You helped me through your mirroring of how I limit my idea of my value because of my limited capacity at this time in my life to take in the scholarly approaches of Zen Buddhism. But I, of course, am taking in more as I have more years on this planet with Zen ancestry. So thank you for intertwining. those of us the lay people who aren't always in books and who are some writing books but I hope you can feel the appreciation for those of us that learn through potentially like the reality of science and the dharma and I'm grateful we're all there

[48:44]

rubbing up against each other, all here to help each other expand in our limited view. So just much gratitude. Likewise. Looks like our next offering is from Basha. Basha, here again. Good to see you. And thank you for leading our discussion group. I really enjoyed that evening with you. It was great. I really enjoyed you being in the group. You come with such unique perspectives and such a wide and wise offering. Thank you. I guess that's what happens when you live all over the world. Wind stops you here and there like tumbleweed.

[49:45]

Thank you for your talk. I would have loved to do your job. It sounds so wonderful. And I just thought two things. What grabbed my attention in your Dharma talk was the connection between the karmic process of each of you and the land. I like that. So I was wondering, maybe you could share with us some personal, you know, example of your personal story, something that, that, that you kind of observed the connection in your own, like, you know, I had, I lived in Houston, we had this huge forest behind and vines all over. And at some point I grabbed those big cutting shears and cutting those lines saying I'm freeing those trees so they can really show their true nature. So I'm sure you have some nice connections. I'm curious to hear that. You know, I come from a background in geology.

[50:46]

I'm a geologist. And I love the mountains, all kinds of mountains all over the world, especially above tree level. Forests are okay, but I really like exposed rock and mountains. To me, I don't know why if I became a geologist, they just have always been a spiritual place, a place that's so wide and so inconceivable that it's easy to feel like a part of a whole, like you're not tied down by who you think you are or other people think you are. And they're always changing constantly. and through slides and earthquakes and tectonics. I mean, it's just amazing.

[51:46]

I could go further into the Franciscan formation, but it's been around the block several times. It's not quite around the world, but where this rock has come from, to me, you can think of it as how we grow and change. due to our causes and conditions, our actions. So I think of that all the time. I think it's a wonderful example of karmic consciousness, and so easy to see, so easy to pick up on the ground, so easy to climb to the top of, so easy to roll down or jump off. And they are, they're really always changing. There's nothing, we can't control a darn thing. All through, as one of the many land stewards on this land, including Suki Parleme and Sarah Tashker, we're responsible for the 100 acres of land here together.

[52:55]

And we have ideas about changing things. But whether those actually happen, you know, they're just ideas. But just the idea is actually going toward change in the future, looking forward, looking forward about, oh, how can we change it to reduce the amount of engineered creeks that go down to Muir Beach? And it takes a long-range plan. to apply for grants, to do the testing required for the science to apply for the grants. And all of that changes us as we move forward in the process. But have you been here before, Pashna? No, I was going to, and look what happened, COVID. Yeah, you can really see the effects of us trying to guide the land back into its natural contours.

[54:00]

after it's used for cattle ranching and mostly from the Portuguese as well as the real rights. I think the Indians had the right idea. They only came here, the Miwok Indians only came here seasonally. Otherwise, they lived kind of inland a little bit. They just came here in the summer to enjoy everything we enjoy about the summer along the coast. Yeah, plentiful deer, lots of rabbits. Well, my second question was supposed to be about the Indians, the Aboriginals, you know, because having lived on the West Coast, especially in BC, there's a lot of them and a lot of culture and I love that. So do you have much in terms of, so they were just visiting? You mean like they were not really living? No, they lived around here, but they moved seasonally.

[55:00]

They move seasonally back and forth, a little bit further inland in the wintertime and along the coast in the summer, all the way up through Point Reyes and down through San Francisco, you know, towards Santa Cruz. So, yeah. I don't know so much about them. I just only know what I've read about them and seen artifacts. I mean, we've all... I think a number of us have found arrowheads in the past. We find all kinds of things in the fields, which are remnants of their life here. But I'm often moved. I was really moved by putting this talk together. I just felt so much compassion for their, they were just gentle people. And I just felt a lot of compassion for them being rounded up by the missionaries and put into the Franciscan school system.

[56:02]

And they had no context for any of that. They were given the names and the baptism are mostly, you know, Spanish names that they'd given them, I think. And we have missions all the way up and down the coast. There's one in San Rafael, just 20 or 30 minutes away. And they're beautiful buildings, but to know they created so much change and hardship for the native people is difficult. And I feel like we're all responsible for that still. Yeah. And we are still benefiting from that too. Yeah. Yeah. Are there any reservations in the area that you have a relationship with? There's not any walk reservations. No. Thank you. Our next offering is from Frederick. Hi, Patrick. You're muted.

[57:07]

There you go. I was looking for that button. Hi, Carolyn. Hi. I loved hearing of the ancestors who made this property possible, this community. I remember coming around the bend in the early 90s and that valley opening. Mm-hmm. And since then, it's always been an integral part of my being, the presence of the teaching and the physicality of this beauty. It is such a draw to me, and I long to have more of my life there. Where do you live, Frederick? Interestingly, I'm now in a suburb of Phoenix, and my wife is actually at a Franciscan monastery now in Scottsdale, which has built, believe it or not, a massive LEED-certified worship hall with 120 solar panels.

[58:16]

Oh, that's great. And these Franciscans, particularly the parishioners, are really driving... helping to drive a sustainability ethos with the Sierra Club in Maricopa County and within the diocese, the Catholic diocese. These people are clearly, of course, on the sustainability edge, loving the movement being led by St. Francis. Boy, your talk really resonated with me about the vision of this This gentleman who just recently passed away, Huey Johnson. Here's the book. I borrowed it from Suki. You can see all of the different interesting colors, and those are all wonderful passages in the book. I love the rainbow colors. Can you send that copy to me? I don't know. I was trying to find it online. I don't know where Suki got it, but I'm really happy she loaned it to me.

[59:18]

I'll go to my local bookstore. Something of the Marvelous, Huey D. Johnson. He was always the name of someone who I just heard of in my time in Northern California. I had always the utmost respect. I want to specifically know in this time that we're all called upon to help push this movement of transformation. Transformation not only with the feminine in our society, but in all of us, the great female leadership of... you folks at Green Gulch, but us just tackling the patriarchy and rabid capitalism in general. And here we have Huey Johnson. And what is the story of Huey and his cattle rancher in Marin County getting together, which with who I assume were basically a bunch of hippies in the sixties, looking at transforming this jewel into

[60:20]

a center of dharma. Do you know that story? I don't know how they actually met, the real rights met, but Huey Johnson, and then he was with the Nature Conservancy. Nature Conservancy was quite small at that time. I think he was aware of all the property up and down the coast, and who was owning it, who was planning to build. He stopped many large building protests, including south of here. I forgot the name of, it was a huge community that would be where, um, Fort Conkite is right now. Uh, that's not there anymore. It's not, it's, it was planned, but it has never happened. And luckily that, that whole area is open to the public. Um, as far as how he specifically met Wheelwright, I don't know exactly. Wheelwright was a really interesting man. He's super bright. You know, he, an inventor, um, an engineer, physicist.

[61:23]

He had many careers before he came to cattle ranching. It took him a long time and he spent a lot of money creating a Green Gulch plan that worked for his idea of cattle ranching in the 50s, 60s. And that involved having square fields, I guess, and straightening the creek. So all his ideas about it, but he really did want to try to find someone that would appreciate it and utilize and improve upon and keep it free, free to the public and open all through right now. We're closed in the central area because of COVID and our community. So people still have the chance. Mm-hmm. What's that? Excuse me. People still have the chance to pass through as it being a public domain, right? Yeah, but we asked them to go through the fields and up the hill on the Middle Green Gulch Trail and not come through the central area.

[62:30]

Most of our elders are vaccinated at this time, but we still have a lot of at-risk population. And we're living in a community. And we have really stringent guidelines, COVID guidelines, much more than most people out in the world. Yeah. So I don't really know about the meeting of Huey Johnson with Mr. Realwright, but he has an amazing life. And it's a joy to read this book, something of the marvelous. It's just a joy. I appreciate having this further reflection of this, of our history that has been created for us and that is on our care. to carry forward. And, you know, as they say, keep coming back, Carolyn, it'd be great to hear you again. Thank you. Thank you. Looks like Norbert has a question.

[63:40]

Hi, Carolyn. Hi, Norbert. I wanted just to ask you, you were talking to Basia before, and you said about the Franciscan formation, just you're thinking about it. Can you say something more about that? Oh, just about all, you know, it's a melange, which means, you know what that is? It's like the continental crest is here. Pacific plate is here. There used to be a subduction zone. So you can see the oceanic Pacific plate go underneath the continental North American plate like this. And as it's doing so, it's like it's scraping off and there's like a frosting there. It's like the seafloor and then it dives down deep. And that's a pretty big transition in anyone's idea of plate tectonics, that's a huge conceptual jump for most people when they came up with that idea in the 60s.

[64:55]

And the Millage is really mixed up. It's a mixed up bunch of rocks, shales, conglomerates, serpentine, from all different terrains. You could have islands that were, you know, like the Fairlawn Islands, same thing. It was subducted in below California coastline. Anyway, it's confusing to talk about on the video, I think. But it's a mixture of rocks and it changes. You could just walk a short distance and it would change up on Mount Tam. And they go all the way along the middle to northern California coastline. And yeah, there are coastal mountains. And I feel like that melange is my mind as well. And I relate, I can relate to it seeps, where it seeps out this sweet water and sometimes gushes out like in our spring and sometimes holding it tight.

[65:59]

And all of it is kind of undependable, just like a person. Did that answer your question or did you? No, that does. That does. Thank you. So I'm just looking at the video feeds to see if anybody has their hand up. Anyone who wants to ask another last question? Drew? No, no. Okay. to everybody. I put a link where you can get the book in the chat. Thanks, Sonia. Huey Johnson, he likes the idea of Buddhism.

[67:07]

I don't know if he's a Buddhist per se, but his ideas and his way of life certainly correlates with Dharma and Buddhist principles. Is that it for everyone? All right. Thank you so much for coming. It's been a pleasure. Feel free to unmute yourselves if you'd like to say goodbye. Thank you, Carolyn. Thank you very much. Thank you, Carolyn. Have a good day, everyone. Thank you.

[68:19]

I see you, Paul. Thank you. It's nice to see your faces. I hope you're well. You're muted, Paul. Thank you. Okay. Now we're on. The host was not allowing us to unmute temporarily, so we were silent. But good to see you. Thank you so much. I hope to see you in person one of these days again. Are you well? We're hanging in there. Just like you guys were sheltering in our place here in the mountains. So. Yes. All's well. All's well. We've gotten vaccinated. Oh, good. We'll see. See what happens this year. Yeah. I hope you have some time for some wandering around somewhere. Yes. Yes. You too. I hope you come over this way. Yeah. Thank you. Thank you. The clock was wonderful. Thank you so much. Thank you. Love you guys.

[69:20]

Love you too. Love you too. Goodbye. Bye. Bye. Thanks, Carolyn. Thanks, Jenny, for your help. Sorry about the sound. It's okay. Was there a lot of people who said they couldn't hear? A few people. Not sure. I hear you fine, but Jerry, you said he heard you fine as well. So I'm not sure. All right. And it's so interesting putting a talk together and then having it go quick. Does it sound like I was talking really quickly? I mean, I talk fast. I sound good to me. So I think it was okay. Okay. Well, thank you. You're welcome. Okay. Bye-bye. Bye-bye.

[70:05]

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